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Era Year Converter

Converts a Gregorian year (optionally an exact date) into the year counts of other calendars and eras: 民国 (Mínguó), Japanese 元号 (gengō), Thai Buddhist Era, 黄帝纪元 (Huángdì), 檀纪 (Dangun), 主体 (Juche), 皇纪 (kōki), Holocene, tabular Islamic (AH), Hebrew (AM), Solar Hijri, Ethiopian, Coptic and Byzantine years, plus the Chinese stem-branch year and zodiac.

When to use

You need to label a year in another era system, know which two years of a calendar overlap a Gregorian year, or find the era in effect on a specific date (e.g. 昭和 or 平成 in 1989).

Do not use when: You need a full date conversion into the Chinese lunar calendar (use lunar-calendar-converter) or a religious calendar date fixed by observation (Islamic dates here are tabular and can differ by 1–2 days).

Formula

民国 = 主体 = year − 1911; BE = year + 543; 黄帝 = year + 2697; 檀纪 = year + 2333; 皇纪 = year + 660; HE = year + 10000; Hebrew = year + 3760/3761; Solar Hijri = year − 622/621; Ethiopian = year − 8/7; Coptic = year − 284/283; Byzantine = year + 5508/5509; Hijri new year JDN = 1948440 + 354 × (AH − 1) + floor((3 + 11 × AH) / 30); Chinese stem-branch index = (year − 4) mod 60

Tabular Islamic calendar with the civil epoch (Friday 16 July 622 Julian); Hebrew new year by the Reingold–Dershowitz elapsed-days algorithm; Nowruz by the March equinox rule at Tehran time; Ethiopian and Coptic years from their epochs with a leap day every fourth year. Years before 1583 are proleptic Gregorian; Japanese eras before 明治 are not tabulated. Traditional reference calculation of the Chinese calendar tradition; not a prediction and not medical, legal or financial advice.

Inputs

ParameterTypeUnitRequiredDescription
yearintegeryesProleptic Gregorian year (astronomical numbering: 0 = 1 BC, −1 = 2 BC). Range: ≥ -1000, ≤ 2500
datedatenoA date within that year; when given, eras_on_date reports the values in effect on that day (for boundaries such as Rosh Hashanah, Nowruz or a Japanese era change).

Outputs

OutputTypeUnitDescription
year_usedintegerThe input year.
minguo_yearstringRepublic of China year = year − 1911, valid from 1912.
japanese_erastringEra name and year in effect on 1 January and 31 December (明治 1868-10-23, 大正 1912-07-30, 昭和 1926-12-25, 平成 1989-01-08, 令和 2019-05-01).
buddhist_era_thaiintegerThai Buddhist Era = year + 543.
huangdi_eraintegerYellow Emperor era = year + 2697 (some sources use + 2698).
dangun_eraintegerKorean Dangun era = year + 2333.
juche_yearstringJuche year = year − 1911, valid from 1912.
koki_yearintegerJapanese imperial year = year + 660.
holocene_yearintegerHolocene calendar = year + 10000.
islamic_yearsstringHijri years on 1 January and 31 December by the tabular calendar (30-year cycle, leap years 2,5,7,10,13,16,18,21,24,26,29).
hebrew_yearsstringHebrew years on 1 January and 31 December (year + 3760 before Rosh Hashanah, + 3761 after).
persian_yearsstringPersian years before Nowruz (year − 622) and from Nowruz (year − 621).
ethiopian_yearsstringEthiopian years on 1 January (year − 8) and 31 December (year − 7).
coptic_yearsstringCoptic years on 1 January (year − 284) and 31 December (year − 283).
byzantine_yearsstringByzantine years on 1 January (year + 5508) and from 1 September (year + 5509).
chinese_ganzhistringStem-branch of the Chinese year that begins in this Gregorian year.
chinese_zodiacstringZodiac animal of that Chinese year.
new_year_datesobjectGregorian date on which each calendar's new year falls within the year.
centurystringOrdinal century (2001–2100 = 21st).
decadestringDecade label, e.g. 2020s.
is_leap_yearbooleantrue when the proleptic Gregorian year has 366 days.
eras_on_dateobjectValues in effect on the optional date (only returned when date is given).

Example

2026: {"year":2026} → {"minguo_year":"民国 115 (Minguo 115)","japanese_era":"令和 8 (Reiwa 8)","buddhist_era_thai":2569,"huangdi_era":4723,"dangun_era":4359,"juche_year":"主体 115 (Juche 115)","koki_year":2686,"holocene_year":12026,"islamic_years":"1447/1448","hebrew_years":"5786/5787","persian_years":"1404/1405","ethiopian_years":"2018/2019","coptic_years":"1742/1743","byzantine_years":"7534/7535","chinese_ganzhi":"丙午 (Bingwu)","chinese_zodiac":"Horse (马)","new_year_dates":{"Islamic 1448 AH":"2026-06-17 (tabular)","Hebrew 5787 AM":"2026-09-12","Persian 1405 SH":"2026-03-21","Ethiopian 2019":"2026-09-11","Coptic 1743 AM":"2026-09-11","Byzantine 7535 AM":"2026-09-01","Chinese 丙午":"2026-02-17"},"century":"21st century","decade":"2020s","is_leap_year":false}

1989 (昭和 → 平成 on 8 January): {"year":1989,"date":"1989-01-07"} → {"minguo_year":"民国 78 (Minguo 78)","japanese_era":"昭和 64 (Shōwa 64) until 1989-01-07 / 平成 1 (Heisei 1) from 1989-01-08","buddhist_era_thai":2532,"hebrew_years":"5749/5750","persian_years":"1367/1368","islamic_years":"1409/1410","chinese_ganzhi":"己巳 (Jisi)","chinese_zodiac":"Snake (蛇)","century":"20th century","is_leap_year":false,"eras_on_date":{"japanese_era":"昭和 64 (Shōwa 64)","hebrew":"5749 AM","persian":"1367 SH"}}

GET https://tttkmbb.com/api/v1/calculate/era-year-converter?year=2026

Machine access

Sources

FAQ

Which Islamic calendar is used?

The arithmetic tabular calendar (type II intercalation, civil epoch), the one used for historical date conversion. Observational calendars such as Umm al-Qura can begin a month one or two days earlier or later.

Why two values for most calendars?

Their new year does not fall on 1 January: the Hebrew year changes at Rosh Hashanah (September/October), the Persian at Nowruz (20/21 March), the Ethiopian and Coptic on 11/12 September, the Byzantine on 1 September, the Chinese at Chinese New Year. Give a date to get the single value in effect.

Is 黄帝纪元 always year + 2697?

No: + 2697 (Huangdi year 1 = 2697 BC) is the most common convention, but + 2698 is also used; both are traditional attributions with no historical basis.

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